Course Introduction and Application Information

Course Code:

OPT104

Course Name:

Optician 2

Semester:

Spring

Course Credits:

ECTS

Language of instruction:

Turkish

Course Condition:

Does the Course Require Work Experience?:

Type of course:

Compulsory Courses

Course Level:

Array

TR-NQF-HE:Array. Master`s Degree

QF-EHEA:Array

EQF-LLL:Array. Master`s Degree

Mode of Delivery:

Face to face

Course Coordinator:

Öğr. Gör. BİLGEN ŞİMŞEK

Course Lecturer(s):

Ins.Bilgen ŞİMŞEK

Course Assistants:

Course Objective and Content

Course Objectives:

The aim of this course is to enable students to transform their fundamental theoretical knowledge in opticianry into practice by developing the ability to distinguish spectacle lenses according to their properties, perform measurement and mounting procedures with correct techniques, and apply prescription information in practice, thereby preparing them to begin professional applications with technical competence.

Course Content:

This course covers the structural anatomy of spectacle frames, frame design types, and material properties. Students learn frame selection according to face shape and user characteristics, as well as basic mechanical adjustments of frames. The course also includes measurements such as pupillary distance (PD), optical center, and fitting height. Optical parameters like pantoscopic angle and vertex distance are examined. Students are introduced to the use of a manual lensmeter for measuring spherical and cylindrical lenses. In addition, the course addresses reading and interpreting optical prescriptions, understanding the ADD concept, and performing transposition procedures.

Learning Outcomes

The students who have succeeded in this course;
1) Identify the structural parts of spectacle frames and explain their functions.
2) Differentiate frame materials and design types and determine their appropriate usage areas.
3) Select suitable frames according to face shape and user characteristics.
4) Perform basic mechanical adjustments on frames (temple alignment, nose pad adjustment, frame balance, etc.).
5) Accurately measure pupillary distance (PD), optical center, and fitting height.
6) Measure the dioptric power of single-vision spherical and cylindrical lenses using a manual lensmeter.
7) Determine principal meridians and power differences in cylindrical lenses.
8) Correctly read and interpret optical prescriptions (SPH, CYL, AX, ADD).
9) Perform prescription transposition procedures.

Course Flow Plan

Week	Subject	Related Preparation
1)	Course Introduction, Course Content Plan, and Integration of Previous Topics with New Topics	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
2)	Structural anatomy of the frame • Main parts of the frame: rim, temples, bridge • Auxiliary components: nose pads, pad arms, hinges, screws • Functions of each component and their relationships with one another • The relationship between frame structure, lens mounting, and wearing comfort Practical Applications Identifying and naming parts on an actual frame Part–function matching activity Observing different hinge types (spring vs. standard) Discussing which components may be affected in cases of looseness or misalignment	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
3)	Classification of frames according to design and structural types • Full-rim, semi-rimless, and rimless frame models • Design differences between metal, plastic, and combination frames • Sports, classic, children’s, and specialty frame designs • The relationship between frame type, intended use, and patient profile Practical Applications Distinguishing between different frame types Discussing which lens types are more suitable for specific frame styles Case scenarios for selecting appropriate frames for children, elderly, and active users Comparing frame types in terms of durability and weight	'Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
4)	Frame manufacturing materials and their effects on usage characteristics • Plastic materials such as acetate, TR-90, Optyl, and polycarbonate • Metal alloys: Monel, titanium, and stainless steel • Hypoallergenic materials • The influence of material selection on weight, flexibility, and durability Practical Applications Comparing frames made from different materials Observing flexibility and durability Evaluating the relationship between lightness and strength Case scenario on selecting suitable materials for a patient with a history of allergies	“Gözkçülük” Aksak E., Küçüker T., Eskişehir, 2005, Course Textbooks “Temel Optisyenlik” Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016, Güneş Medical Bookstores
5)	Frame selection according to face shapes • Basic face shapes: oval, round, square, rectangular, triangular, and heart-shaped • Choosing frame styles according to face shape • The relationship between frame size and facial proportions • The effect of bridge type and nose structure on frame selection • The relationship between aesthetic balance and optical center positioning Practical Applications Students analyze each other’s face shapes Comparing suitable and unsuitable frame examples Discussion: “Which frame is suitable for this face type and why?” Case scenario activity on recommending frames based on patient profiles	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
6)	Mechanical adjustments in eyeglass frames • The purpose of frame adjustment • Balance and contact points on the face • Temple adjustments (fit behind the ear) • The importance of nose pad adjustments • Correcting frame curvature and alignment • Problems caused by improper adjustment (slipping, pressure, marks) Practical Applications Checking the frame’s position on a flat surface and on the face Observing temple angle and length Examining nose pad position Analyzing examples of unbalanced frames Discussing which adjustment should be made in specific situations Replacing nose pads, temple tips, screws, and springs Field Study Technical visit to an eyewear frame manufacturing facility	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
7)	Midterm Exam	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
8)	PD, Optical Center, Geometric Center, and Fitting Height • What is pupillary distance (PD)? • The concept of the optical center • The concept of the geometric center • The difference between optical center and geometric center • What is fitting height? • The effects of incorrect measurements on vision Practical Applications Students measure each other’s pupillary distance Determining the geometric center on a frame Marking the optical center on a lens Practice in determining fitting height	“Gözkçülük” Aksak E., Küçüker T., Eskişehir, 2005, Course Textbooks “Temel Optisyenlik” Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016, Güneş Medical Bookstores
9)	Pantoscopic and Retroscopic Tilt in Eyeglass Frames, and the Relationship Between Vertex Distance and Effective Power • The clinical importance of vertex distance in prescription lenses Practical Applications Observing frames adjusted to different tilt angles Evaluating the position of the frame on the face Analyzing scenarios involving incorrect tilt angles Discussing the effects of tilt differences on vision and wearing comfort	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
10)	Introduction to the Manual Lensmeter and Measurement of Spherical (SPH) Lenses • What is a manual lensmeter? • Main parts of the device and its working principle • Rules for proper lens placement • Focusing adjustment and scale reading • Locating the optical center Practical Applications Identifying the parts of the manual lensmeter Converting lensmeter readings into prescription values Measuring single-vision SPH lenses using a manual lensmeter Measuring single-vision CYL lenses using a manual lensmeter Comparing measurements of different diopter values Recording measurement results	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
11)	Determining Optical Power in Different Meridians of Cylindrical Lenses • The concept of a meridian • Principal meridians in cylindrical lenses • Meridians with maximum and minimum power • Evaluating spherical and cylindrical components together • The optical basis of astigmatic correction Practical Applications Measuring a cylindrical lens in different meridians using a lensmeter Performing measurements with a manual lensmeter Identifying the principal meridians Observing the difference in power between meridians Examining lenses with combined SPH + CYL prescriptions Recording measurement results in a table	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
12)	Reading, Interpreting Optical Prescriptions and the Concept of ADD • Parts of an optical prescription • The meaning of SPH, CYL, and AX values • Interpretation of the ADD value • Differences between distance and near prescriptions • How prescription data relates to lens type selection • Analysis of simple prescription examples Practical Applications Reading values from real prescription samples Distinguishing prescriptions that include SPH and CYL Examining prescriptions that include an ADD value Verbally identifying the appropriate lens type for a given prescription Matching prescriptions with corresponding lens measurements	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
13)	Transposition and the Concept of Addition (ADD) in Prescriptions • What is transposition? • Converting a prescription from plus cylinder to minus cylinder (or vice versa) • The logic behind changes in SPH, CYL, and AX values • Why is transposition performed? • Differences between clinical and technical usage • What is addition (ADD)? • Additional positive power for near vision • Its relationship with presbyopia • The difference between distance and near prescriptions • The effect of the ADD value on lens type selection (bifocal, progressive, etc.) Practical Applications Converting a given prescription from plus cylinder to minus cylinder form Practicing transposition with simple prescription examples Identifying prescriptions that include an ADD value Reading distance and near values together Discussing which type of lens is suitable for different prescriptions	''Eyeglasses'' Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks ''Basic Optics'' Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores
14)	Practical Exam
15)	Practical Exam
16)	Final Exam

Sources

Course Notes / Textbooks:	3958 ve 5193 Sayılı Optisyenlik Kanunu “Gözlükçülük” Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Kurs-Ders Kitapları “Temel Optisyenlik” Özdemir E.,Yarar O.,2016 Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri “Görme Optiği Ve Görme Kusurlarının Düzeltilmesi” Ünlüçerçi N.C. 2016 Nobel Tıp Yayınları Öğretim Görevlisi Notları
References:	Law of Opticians 3958 and 5193 “Eyeglasses” Aksak E., Küçüker T. Eskişehir 2005, Course-Textbooks “Basic Optics” Özdemir E., Yarar O., 2016 Güneş Medical Bookstores “Vision Optics and Correction of Visual Defects” Ünlüçerçi N.C. 2016 Nobel Medical Publications Instructor Notes

Course - Program Learning Outcome Relationship

Course Learning Outcomes	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Program Outcomes

Course - Learning Outcome Relationship

No Effect	1 Lowest	2 Average	3 Highest

Program Outcomes

Level of Contribution

Assessment & Grading

Değerlendirme Yöntemleri ve Kriterleri	Number of Activities	Level of Contribution
Midterms	1	% 30
Final	1	% 50
Final Pratik	1	% 20
total		% 100

Workload and ECTS Credit Calculation

Activities	Number of Activities	Preparation for the Activity	Spent for the Activity Itself	Completing the Activity Requirements	Workload
Course Hours	3	0			0
Laboratory	2	0			0
Midterms	1	0			0
Final	1	0			0
Total Workload					0